Topics: Modals of Speculation and Deduction

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Explain the difference between using ‘should have’ and ‘could have’ for past deductions.

A. The use of ‘should have’ suggests a higher level of certainty or confidence in the deduction, while ‘could have’ suggests a lower level of certainty or confidence.

B. The use of ‘should have’ and ‘could have’ is interchangeable in past deductions.

C. There is no difference between using ‘should have’ and ‘could have’ for past deductions.

D. Using ‘should have’ and ‘could have’ in past deductions depends on the speaker’s mood.